Computational Fluid Dynamics in Practice

Two-phase Flow

Most fluid dynamic situations are characterized by three-dimensionality, turbulence, and the interactive effects of physical processes such as combustion, heat transfer, and buoyancy. These factors are, in turn, influenced by the geometrical nature of the problem and the engineering systems which may be in place or under design. Computational Fluid Dynamics in Practice (CFD) techniques are increasingly used to study and understand such situations.

The advantage of the CFD approach is that the complex physical interactions which occur in a problem can be modelled simultaneously, and hence, their relative influence on the total behaviour understood.

However, complete fundamental knowledge of all the underlying physics may not exist, and there are, therefore, inherent assumptions in the mathematical process which give rise to possible inaccuracy. With care, however, these approximations can be minimized to a level where the accuracy of CFD techniques is perfectly satisfactory for design purposes

The availability of general-purpose CFD codes now make the application of these techniques relatively easy, but they do not supply the engineering knowledge or wisdom to apply them correctly. It is important, therefore, to understand how CFD is applied, the approximations used, and the factors which influence the accuracy of any simulation.

The purpose of the seminar held at the Institution of Mechanical Engineers on which this book is based, was to provide a forum for the discussion of challenging applications of CFD and to identify the developments in techniques which are likely to occur in the next generation of codes. The examples provided in this volume give a wide range of CFD applications, show the versatility of the techniques and provide the reader with some hints on best practice.

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